@derickr @Xdebug I don’t write reviews, so put it here:
I don't usually Xdebug, but incidentally needed it a few days ago. Much to my surprise, it just worked using VSC’s remote development functionality via SSH (with both Xdebug itself and the VSC extension running on the server and talking via localhost).
I just had some troubles setting up the “Launch configuration”, because I couldn't find the correct location in VSC’s UI, but none with the extension itself, despite the bespoke-ish set-up.